INTRODUCTION
Before
transcribing the part of Chairman Gonzalo's speech, Report on
Gonzalo's Thought, at the First Congress of the Communist Party of
Peru (PCP), on the significance of World War II in World History, we
transcribe the general information extracted from the bourgeois
press, where we find some important factual data that will be
clarified by the report:
1.
General information:
World
War II came to an end in Europe as Soviet troops celebrated the
capture of Berlin and U.S. and U.K. forces advanced on northern and
southern Germany.
It
was May 8, 1945 (May 9 for countries in Eastern Europe), and the date
is celebrated every year by all victorious countries in World War II,
especially in Russia.
German
dictator Adolf Hitler had committed suicide on April 30, 1945, the
final capitulation was signed on May 8, 1945 in Berlin, the capital
of the defeated Nazi regime in Germany, in front of representatives
of the Soviet Union, the United States, the United Kingdom and
France.
Although
the surrender ceremony took place on May 8, some countries, such as
Russia and Belarus, commemorate it on May 9. This is because when the
war in Europe formally ended, according to the signed document, on
May 8 at 11:01 p.m. (Berlin time), it was already May 9 in Moscow and
other time zones in the east.
World War II is an event of
great transcendence. The prestige of the USSR was highly enhanced on
earth, just look at the newspapers of that time, of course you were
not born yet, that is the advantage of being older; I remember,
comrades, when the victory, yes, I was in Callao, the port that you
know right here, how the sirens of factories and ships sounded when
Germany surrendered! Because the war was already won there, the other
thing was already over, it was a world uproar, as I also remember, as
if I saw it today, how the pages of the newspapers were already
raising the atomic bomb like a club to scare fearful people, asking
us, is there a risk of disintegration, will the earth disintegrate, a
foolishness because if there had been such a risk, would scientists
have dropped the atomic bomb? It makes no sense, that is, that is not
seeing the political essence that directs war, weapons are used for
political objectives; that little bomb killed a whopping 60 thousand
people in Hiroshima; in Nagasaki there were 145 thousand and
nevertheless Hiroshima is celebrated or remembered because it was the
first time, but in Nagasaki there were 145 thousand, more. They are
facts, then, of transcendence that are forming the minds of the
people in those fragorosos times”.
After
the necessary introduction above comes the announced part of the
report, which we have entitled as follows:
World
War II is an event of transcendence in the history of the world.
World
War II is a fact of transcendence in the history of the world,
strictly speaking it began in 1939 and ended in 1945 - excuse me if I
enter into these expressions, I think it is necessary at least to
remember them, because sometimes I think that some comrades may not
know; if I am wrong, it is better to run the risk than not to know.
It
is a world war in which on the one hand there is imperialist
rapacity, the dispute for world hegemony that Germany under Hitler
demanded for itself; but on the other hand it is the defense of
socialism and the development of the revolution, yes, it is very
clear and it is correct that the war waged then by the USSR was a
Great Patriotic War.
I
insist, sometimes comrades, we fight revisionism relentlessly and we
want to forget certain things, it was a just war of defense, a Great
Patriotic War, that is how it was correctly defined, that is why; and
of development of the world revolution because in addition to that
glorious heroic defense that cost the USSR 20 million men, we have an
anti-imperialist struggle that will unfold in oppressed nations,
mainly in China.
And
why do we say mainly in China, it is good to remember that in China
60% of the Japanese army was retained for a long time; that is why we
do not agree when we simply speak of the western front, of the
eastern front but taking everything as it was fought in Europe, and
we do not agree with it.
It
is the great war of resistance of oppressed nations, such as China,
Korea, Burma, Indonesia, the Philippines, etc., where precisely the
imperialists fled like rats and it was the peoples of those nations
who took up arms; those who were lucky enough to have a Communist
Party triumphed and advanced and those who did not, at least escaped
in a transactional way from being colonies, such as Indonesia, which
ceased to be, as a result of that war, a colony of Holland.
In
that war there was a sinister plan: the crusade against the USSR, and
I stress the word crusade because of its medieval roots which clearly
expresses its reactionary nature and because that is how it was
proposed by Hitler himself, as an anti-Bolshevik crusade, because the
black dream they had was to wipe the USSR off the face of the earth;
futile, a dream of glass, it crashed against the power of the
dictatorship of the proletariat, with the leadership of the Party and
of Comrade Stalin, of the Russian proletariat, of the Russian people.
Comrades,
heroic pages: Stalingrad, the greatest struggle of war in cities, of
war in the streets, the one that generates the most mortality, there
they fought not only house by house but room by room: they are
chapters that have shaken the world.
There
we have also seen very clearly the dirty, artful game of the
imperialist allies: the United States, England, I am not talking
about France because it was occupied -and it was occupied in 18
days-, artful who were delaying the opening of the invasion of Europe
from the north in order to strike at the heart of Germany, seeking
that fascist Germany would defeat the USSR.
We
all know, and we must remember it comrades, that fascist offensive
headed by the Nazis to which the Italian fascists and Franco's
Spanish fascists contributed, and which used all the economic power
of subjugated Europe, threw a million and a half men, the cream of
the German army, 75% of its air force, penetrated. But wisely C.
Stalin had handled diplomacy with great subtlety -these are things
that (....) the German-Soviet pact (...) ) the German-Soviet pact was
necessary (...) some say, but that did not free the USSR from the
invasion, they do not know what they are talking about, one thing was
to gain time and another thing was that Germany would necessarily hit
the USSR, reason: it could not continue to advance in the West with a
powerful enemy at its back and with a fertile and very rich land of
fabulous potential; yes comrades, that must be recognized, we must
understand reality as it is because that way we even understand what
those social imperialists and a people of over 200 million are based
on today, that was inevitable. Here we must emphasize the shrewdness
and penetration of the Soviet intelligence service, that was the
intelligence service. They say that it was of no use - I think they
are silly burps.
What
could Russia do in the face of such an onslaught? Well, to apply a
strategic defensive and that is what was done -we as communists and
handling people's war understand what a strategic defensive is- and
that is what was done, together with scorched earth, to leave them
nothing, bare earth; and they had the audacity, the high decision to
blow up monumental works such as that famous dam that joins the Volga
with the Don which cost so many years of effort, it was blown up; the
Germans never dreamed, they thought that this work would not be blown
up because it was too important and had cost so much effort.
Comrades, the dictatorship of the proletariat was at stake, the
revolution was at stake, we cannot stop to think nor can we simply
allow ourselves to be hindered as Chairman Mao says, by the defense
of inches of land not of junk; that is what we communists are like.
They
crashed at the gates of Leningrad, at the gates of Moscow and
Stalingrad; but not only did they scorched earth but they left behind
guerrillas and even men individually with their good rifle and a good
amount of ammunition and their vodka for the cold and to annihilate
one of those, the Germans had to lose 10 men, that is the average
comrades. It was not as easy as the Germans thought; think about it,
comrades. That this offensive is a high quality military plan, thus,
the highest and most enlightened German military chiefs elaborated
this plan and the German school has a proven war tradition many
times: in three months they were going to conquer the USSR, in three
months.
The
foresight of C. Stalin had already taken measures since the thirties
when there was the great transformation of the countryside and
industry, they had already transferred factories beyond the Urals
even foreseeing the possibility of abandoning even Moscow, because it
is true, everything was already ready in case they could not
ultimately defend Moscow, even if that was the decision taken, it was
already planned to move the leadership and the center to the Urals;
thus, the first thing that was done was to take measures for the
transfer of Lenin because he could not fall into the dirty hands of
miserable sons of hell, he could not fall. But what was the order
then, comrades, after they had penetrated to the aforementioned
gates, the order was not to retreat any further; you will say, and
how were there such plans to go to the Urals, comrades, there is
always a plan in case it fails, there is never only one plan, that is
of the unintentional, there are plans for various circumstances and
even extreme ones.
It
is very memorable and we must always remember how on November 7, the
anniversary of the revolution, they had no place to celebrate it and
it was considered impossible to fulfill it; comrade Stalin said: “to
the station!”, “but there is no platform there, there are no
seats there”, comrade Stalin stopped a box, standing on it he spoke
celebrating the revolution and said: “how many were we when we
conquered the Power, what forces did we have when we rejected the
immediate imperialist aggression against the October Revolution? Few
and weak! compared to what we are today, therefore they will not
defeat us, we will crush them! and we will annihilate the beast in
its own den, in Berlin”, did he not say so? Comrades, these are
things that one must remember, just like that one cannot judge
Stalin, that is why the Party says that we must see World War II.
It
is well known how after that came the great resistance, the breaking
of the German lines, the Stalingrad pocketing where the commanders
(asked Hitler for authorization to retreat) (...) but here, he told
them, “the Aryans do not retreat, the Aryans cannot be defeated by
barbarians, by Mongols, by inferiors”, yes, but those inferiors,
barbarians, Mongols, were hunted like rats and had to surrender.
It
is always good to reiterate this: Stalin, who managed the war with
skill and wisdom, always took into account the moral element and made
all the defeated and surrendered Nazis parade and throw their flags,
their eagles, their swastikas at the foot of Lenin's mausoleum; not
only great military defeat, great moral defeat, the arrogance, the
Nazi arrogance had been sunk in the mud and trampled, it was the
greatest moral blow he received, there began the breakdown of the
Nazi army.
The
other resistance of the 300,000 of the heroic race that would prevent
the access of the Russians to Germany, the Soviet offensive of the
Red Army blew it into a thousand pieces and 300,000 more men were
blown up; Germany was done, of course, comrades. That is when the
imperialist westerners rushed to disembark in Normandy, why, because
the Red Army, the communists and communism advanced threateningly
over all Europe, that was it; but we well know that at the beginning
of May, the Red Army took Berlin and in the Reichstag, the corporate
parliament that they had, they nailed the red flag with the hammer
and sickle, for eternal memory the photographs remain. Hitler
committed suicide, as we well know, he was even incinerated because
he knew what would happen if he remained, they would not forgive him;
the westerners, perhaps they, but the USSR would not forgive him.
The
other great front, in the East, has China as its center, where the
Japanese army became mired in a sea of masses, mined, undermined by
guerrilla warfare; various oppressed nations took up arms against
them; the Westerners “supported” and then returned, it is good to
remember MacArthur, the best cadet that West Point has had, that is
to say the military school of the United States, one of the highest
strategists that the USA has given, he had his headquarters in the
Philippines, what did he do? He retired pronouncing what his famous
phrase says: “I will return!”, yes, when the Japanese were
defeated, that is the part he did not say, of course, comrades,
because we will return, yes, they did return, but when they returned,
well, when the Japanese were undermined, undermined by the struggle
in China and in the various oppressed nations of the East.
It
is therefore the oppressed peoples who have resisted the Japanese
beast that is once again returning to its old ways. Just think of
this so that you can see what it has cost the United States, 100,000
soldiers, that is all that World War II has cost them, most of them
dead in the East, you see? And fearing that having concluded the war
on the European western front, and as the agreements said, the USSR
should turn its front against Japan, fearing that the Red Army would
expand, then they had to use the atomic bomb; yes, there you can
clearly see how politics directs the war, the Japanese were going to
be crushed, they could not resist, justifications that they want to
give us today are just that, justifications.
All
that great event of World War II shook the world and marked men and
gave good fruits; not everywhere, yes, but it even gave mediatized
fruits, for example, France and Italy, revisionist reason, let
themselves be robbed of the triumph, the fruits of victory by having
guerrillas of 500 thousand men, of 300 thousand men, forged in that
heroic resistance of the European class and peoples that must also be
taken into account.
Thus,
World War II is an event of great significance. The prestige of the
USSR was highly enhanced on earth, just look at the newspapers of the
time, of course you were not born yet, that is the advantage of being
older; I remember, comrades, when the victory, yes, I was in Callao,
the port that you know right here, how the sirens of factories and
ships sounded when Germany surrendered! Because the war was already
won there, the other thing was already over, it was a world uproar,
as I also remember, as if I saw it today, how the pages of the
newspapers were already raising the atomic bomb like a club to scare
fearful people, asking us, is there a risk of disintegration, will
the earth disintegrate, a foolishness because if there had been such
a risk, would scientists have dropped the atomic bomb? It makes no
sense, that is, that is not seeing the political essence that directs
war, weapons are used for political objectives; that little bomb
killed a whopping 60 thousand people in Hiroshima; in Nagasaki there
were 145 thousand and nevertheless Hiroshima is celebrated or
remembered because it was the first time, but in Nagasaki there were
145 thousand, more. These are facts, then, of transcendence that are
forming the minds of the people in those fragorous times.
