THE
FASCIST GOVERNMENT OF K. FUJIMORI (FP) IS THE PRODUCT OF A
REACTIONARY COLLUSION (contubernio)
1. Introduction
The new fascist, genocidal, and sell-out government of Keiko Fujimori (Fuerza Popular) is the product of an electoral farce and fraud carried out over two rounds. The people were compelled to vote, and Keiko Fujimori obtained 2,877,678 votes—approximately 10.528% of the total electoral roll—while the number of non-voters stood at 7,157,687, representing 26.194% of eligible voters. Such was Keiko’s much-celebrated triumph—a figure far lower than the number of abstentions in the first round (April 12–13, 2026). It was only in the second round (June 7), through the collusion of Peruvian reactionaries, revisionist forces, the armed forces, and imperialism, that she ascended to the presidency. The delay by electoral authorities in announcing the results of both rounds was linked to this collusion.
The new government of Keiko Fujimori and FP "represents the continuity of the regime that has governed in recent years, re-elected on June 7," according to political scientist Juan de la Puente in an article published in the reactionary newspaper *La República* titled "Shared or Divided Future?" He adds:
"The electoral campaign and recent statements by its spokespersons indicate that Fuerza Popular will not govern starting from scratch—'Fujimori returns,' 'order returns,' and 'Fujimori will govern just as Fujimori governed'—but rather will be doubly committed to continuity: that of the 1992–2000 regime and that of the 2003–2026 regime." The interregnum mentioned by the author of the cited article refers to the so-called transitional government of Paniagua—overseen by Yankee imperialism—and the first two years of the government of Toledo, the "Yankee with the *chuyo* [Andean knit cap]." This period, spanning both administrations, served to perpetuate the regime established by Alberto Fujimori, albeit with some cosmetic changes and personnel shifts.
2. Crisis of the fascist regime and failure of the reactionary 2026 elections
Keiko Fujimori’s "continuity" government was born marked by the crisis of the regime and the failure of the reactionary elections; it therefore lacks the "legitimacy" at the ballot box that it claims.
It is a general crisis of bureaucratic capitalism and the old State; a crisis at the summit—specifically, a crisis of the dying, genocidal, and sell-out fascist regime. It is a government representing the continuity of the regime that has ruled for the last 24 years, having been re-elected on June 7.
In Peru, elections serve as an instrument of domination for feudal landowners and the big bourgeoisie to rotate reactionary officials; they serve to preserve or develop the Peruvian State—a landlord-bureaucratic State, a formal republic, and a dictatorship of big landowners and the big bourgeoisie in the service of imperialism, primarily Yankee imperialism.
Elections have been—as could not be otherwise within the prevailing social order—an instrument in the hands of the big bourgeoisie. This is the defining feature of the Peruvian State's electoral processes and what has determined the class character of elections in the country.
Imperialism intervenes in semi-colonial countries—as it always does—to influence elections through various forms of interference; while it is not common for imperialist governments to publicly back candidates or parties—as is currently happening with Trump’s Yankee imperialist administration—they have historically preferred to act through agents, embassies, and national and international media. However, it is common for elections in our countries to be subjected to monitoring by imperialist governments and their international institutions—such as the OAS, the EU, and Transparency International—which guarantee recognition of the new lackey government based on whether the elections are deemed "democratic" or "undemocratic." If the defining characteristic of these reactionary elections is their role as an instrument of imperialist intervention, then we are facing a case of the deprivation of formal sovereignty; the country would have shifted from being a semi-colony to a full colony.
The people can expect nothing good from the old Peruvian society—semi-colonial and semi-feudal—in which bureaucratic capitalism operates in the service of imperialism (primarily US imperialism) and the old State. Nothing good for the people comes from reactionary elections. "Republican institutions have failed and lie in ruins," observes the aforementioned historian Zapata in the cited work. The old State exists only to be swept away by the people's war; nothing and no one can save it—it is merely a matter of time.
2.1 Crisis of society and the old State; crisis of the parties
The latest reactionary failure to which we refer was a foregone conclusion from the moment the elections were called in 2025 by the genocidal Dina Boluarte. This new electoral farce and reactionary fraud was concocted by all those who ultimately participated (36 in total) as well as some who were left out of the reactionary event.
This failure reflects the crisis of the reactionary parties—itself an expression of the crisis of society and the old State; those who participate in these institutions do so for the spoils. That explains the political fragmentation and the crisis of party representation. Governability is realized through the upper echelons of the state bureaucracy—the "technocratic autopilot"—assembled since the early 1990s using Peruvian officials drawn from international imperialist institutions, major imperialist corporations, and the comprador class (the so-called "revolving door"), and is guaranteed by the Armed Forces.
A crisis of the system—one expression of which is "widespread corruption"—and a crisis of the so-called powers of the State. A crisis of the regime and of the government currently heading it.
ON "WIDESPREAD CORRUPTION"
"Widespread corruption" is not—as the revisionist and capitulationist LOD maintains—merely one of the three main problems of Peruvian society; that view attempts to invert the terms in order to justify its own "parliamentary cretinism." Rather, it is a scourge inherent to the moribund system of Peruvian society.
Corruption: a scourge of the system
Corruption is a scourge of the semi-colonial and semi-feudal system upon which a bureaucratic capitalism develops—a capitalism serving imperialism, primarily Yankee imperialism. Corruption lies at the root of the country's semi-colonial character, a concept clearly defined by Lenin when discussing the formal sovereignty of semi-colonial countries; we quote:
"- The term 'self-determination of nations' is applied to their political independence. Imperialism seeks to undermine this—just as it seeks to replace democracy in general with oligarchy—because, compared to political annexation, economic annexation is often more convenient, cheaper (it is easier to bribe officials, obtain concessions, secure the passage of advantageous laws, etc.), more feasible, and less disruptive.
- Economic 'annexation' is entirely 'achievable' without political annexation and occurs constantly.
- For example, Argentina is in reality a 'commercial colony' of England.
- Economic dependence turns such countries into 'annexations' of England in the economic sense, without violating their political independence."
In other words, it turns independent countries into semi-colonies. “ - it is the relationship between the economy and politics, the relationship between economic conditions—and the economic content of imperialism—and one of its political forms.
- under the bourgeois regime, finance capital "freely buys and bribes any government and any officials."
- Since commodity production—and the bourgeoisie, the power of money—dominates, bribery (whether direct or via the stock exchange) is "feasible" under any form of government, under any democracy.
- with imperialism: the power of the stock exchange grows!
- how can P. Kievsky claim—without falling into an amusing "logical contradiction"—that the immense wealth of the trusts and banks, which handle billions, cannot "exercise" the power of finance capital over a foreign—that is, politically independent—republic??
(Lenin, *On the Caricature of Marxism and Imperialist Economism*)
2.2 Deepening crisis of the old Peruvian society and aggravation of the scourge of corruption
So, what is happening? It is that, as a result of the deepening general crisis of bureaucratic capitalism and the increased penetration of imperialism into our economy and the life of the country, corruption has worsened and become "generalized."
As a consequence—stemming from the general crisis of the prevailing system and the regime, and the worsening of the ills inherent to them—the very foundation of its "democracy" (or rather, the "legitimation" process for designating its reactionary authorities) is eroding: "parties are losing their capacity for representation" and are instead "transforming into platforms for conducting business through the State." The quoted ideas above come from the book *Political Struggle and Social Crisis in Republican Peru (1821–2021)* by Antonio Zapata, who further adds:
"For its part, the preferential vote had eroded the internal life of parties because the competition for parliamentary seats had shifted to within the parties themselves. High levels of party-switching completed a dismal and decadent picture. Indeed, a democracy based on hollow 'shell parties' is highly precarious and offers no stability."
A columnist from the Elcano Royal Institute (representing Spanish imperialism) draws an important distinction regarding the "party structure" in Peru, writing:
"The old, historic parties began their decline (in the 1990s) and were replaced by small, ephemeral organizations centered around candidates, *caudillos* (strongmen), or political entrepreneurs like César Acuña or Rafael López Aliaga. Fujimorism stands as the exception, maintaining a national party structure—except in the southern Andean region. Due to fragmentation and the crisis of representation, no party or candidate surpasses the 20% mark in the first round of voting. In the post-Fujimori era, the two candidates advancing to the runoff used to garner a combined total of over 50% of the vote, but since 2021, they have failed to reach even 35%." (*Se peruaniza el Perú* [Peru Becomes Peruvianized], Rogelio Núñez Castellano, May 25, 2026, Elcano). The percentages cited refer to valid votes cast.
In this context, the so-called “traditional parties”—such as APRA, AP, the PPC, and the revisionist minor parties that existed until the early 1990s—have collapsed, giving rise to “parties” organized around private interests, as well as “clientelist” and “shell” parties; these appear on the political stage only to vanish or shift their orientation as they are transferred to new “owners.” Yet FP endures, maintaining its party structure and a corporatist character.
Juntos por el Perú (Together for Peru) changed hands: according to Jehude Simons—a former minister under Alan García—when Roberto Sánchez served as his party secretary, Sánchez stole the membership rolls and registered the new party under his own name as JPP.
JPP is essentially an "electoral shell" or "empty vessel" party; during elections, it functions merely to gather congressional candidates—figures with their own specific agendas hailing from other minor parties.
In the most recent elections, individuals from various fringe parties were elected to the Senate and Chamber of Deputies—figures from "Perú Libre," the "Castillista" faction, the revisionist and capitulationist LOD, and so on. These are the so-called "guest candidates" who, thanks to the preferential voting system, manage to prevail over candidates belonging to the party's own official ranks. Yet, this arrangement allows the "owner" of this shell party—Roberto Sánchez of JPP—to advance to the runoff election despite securing a meager percentage of the vote.
3. Reactionary collusion to preserve the old State
The fleeting flourishing of bureaucratic capitalism—driven by high raw material prices in the global imperialist market and lasting nearly 15 years—came to an end when prices began to fall and the economy of social-imperialist China ran into trouble around 2016. That "boom," which had generated "growth without development" (according to ECLAC), was over. The result was a major crisis of bureaucratic capitalism and an exacerbation of the crisis across all spheres and within the political regime—specifically, the current fascist regime.
The reactionary collusion:
Since the 2016 elections, reactionary and revisionist parties—acting in a mix of collusion and contention—have instigated five coups d'état (in 2018, 2020, 2022, 2025, and 2026) as they vie for control over the key institutions of the old landlord-bureaucratic State, which serves imperialism—primarily Yankee imperialism. However, elections are the preferred instrument for replacing reactionary authorities; for this reason, the reactionary collusion has manifested itself most notably around the electoral system and laws, which foster political fragmentation.
Amidst this political fragmentation, the so-called "traditional parties"—such as APRA, AP, and the PPC—along with the revisionist "micro-parties" that emerged in the early 1990s, have collapsed. In their place, "parties" organized around private interests have arisen—"clientelist" parties that appear on the political stage only to vanish, or that shift their orientation as they are transferred to new "owners." Yet, FP endures, maintaining its corporatist party structure.
Collusion in reactionary elections: the "Fujimorismo" vs. "Anti-Fujimorismo" polarization
The reality is that, since 2011, electoral fronts have formed around the divide between *Fujimorismo* and anti-*Fujimorismo*. To illustrate this, we quote from the Elcano article:
"Fragmentation coexists with the polarization that, since 2011, has manifested as a struggle between *Fujimorismo* and anti-*Fujimorismo*. The anti-*Fujimorismo* vote—amplified by the rejection Keiko herself elicits—has prevented the Fuerza Popular (FP) candidate from winning, despite her having rebuilt the *Fujimorismo* movement, made it competitive, and secured a spot in the runoff elections of 2011, 2016, 2021, and 2026. Five years ago, she fell 44,000 votes short of Pedro Castillo, and ten years ago, 41,000 votes short of Pedro Pablo Kuczynski (PPK) (...)"
Where has this dichotomy—which also translates into a choice between "fascism" and "anti-fascism" during the elections to replace the reactionary authorities of the old State—actually led? To answer this question, we continue with the aforementioned quote:
“(…) Visceral and heterogeneous anti-Fujimorism—united solely by its rejection of Fujimori’s legacy, now embodied by his daughter—paved the way for the victory of vastly different candidates. In 2011, Ollanta Humala shifted from being an anti-establishment leader flirting with Chavismo to an establishment figure. In 2016, PPK—a center-right technocrat—won, followed by Castillo in 2021 (...).” (the counter-revolutionary *rondero*)
In other words, this so-called “polarization” served to energize the reactionary elections and attempt to legitimize the new reactionary government that emerged from this electoral farce and fraud. Therefore, for us, the issue is not one of Fujimorism versus anti-Fujimorism, or fascism versus anti-fascism, but rather of revolution versus counter-revolution; this entails waging a people's war to carry out the democratic revolution and applying an active boycott against the reactionary elections.
On the corporatist character of FP
Keiko Fujimori’s party, FP, has a history dating back to the era of Alberto Fujimori—that is, to the establishment of the current fascist regime.
Keiko Fujimori relies on the legacy inherited along with her name: “the old clientelism practiced by her father” (Zapata). The cited author fails to distinguish between clientelist organization and corporatist organization, even though he accurately describes how Fujimori established this corporatist structure when he writes the following:
“During the 1990s, neighborhood organizations lost their autonomous character because they were subsumed into the State through the social aid provided by Fujimori. With neighborhood society weakened by the crisis of the previous decade (...)”
“(...) (clientelism) that was imposed with an iron fist by Fujimori”
“(…) with an iron fist and handouts”
Well, it is said that Fujimori brought this “social aid” to the neighborhoods, but in reality, it was the Army and its intelligence service; Fujimori himself once said: “behind every aid truck go members of the Army intelligence service.” Clearly, this was part of the so-called “Low-Intensity Conflict” directed by Yankee imperialism—part of its “civic action” and “control of population and resources.” Thus, the self-help groups within popular organizations transformed into corporatist organizations. A sector of these corporatist organizations is managed by revisionist petty parties, relying on the work of NGOs that also operate among the masses in the service of the “Low-Intensity” counter-insurgency war.
For this reason, the Party characterized it as a form of fascism suited to combating the people's war.
Electoral
rules exacerbate political fragmentation and serve the reactionary
collusion (contubernio)
Electoral laws and regulations—as we have seen—are not the root cause of the crisis of the parties (the foundation of their “democracy”); however, these rules foster or aggravate political fragmentation at local and regional levels. They facilitate the electoral participation of mere labels or electoral fronts belonging to strongmen who answer to private (“clientelist”) interests. This allows the Fuerza Popular party—based on a corporatist structure established by Fujimori after April 5, 1992—to operate despite having secured the votes of not even 11% of the total eligible electorate. ...in the last two elections (2021 and 2026), controls the majority of key State institutions.
In light of the above, the commentary on "vote dispersion" found in the article on Spanish imperialism published by the Elcano Royal Institute—which we quote below—is of interest:
"Figure 2. Vote dispersion in Peruvian presidential elections, 2001–2026 Elections
Vote concentration among the top two candidates in the first round
2001 (60%)
Alejandro Toledo 35% Alan García 25%
2006 (54%)
Alan García 24% Ollanta Humala 30%
2011 (54%)
Ollanta Humala 31% Keiko Fujimori 23%
2016 (60%)
Pedro Pablo Kuczynski 21% Keiko Fujimori 39%
2021 (31%)
Pedro Castillo 18% Keiko Fujimori 13%
2026 (29%)
Keiko Fujimori 17% Roberto Sánchez 12%
Against this backdrop of increasing parliamentarization, parties function as patronage machines that respond more to particular interests than to ideological principles—as demonstrated by Congress’s election of José Balcázar to replace Jerí. This resulted in an unnatural alliance—denied by Fujimori—between the Fujimorist FP and Perú Libre (PL), the Marxist-Leninist-Mariateguist party that backed Castillo. Fujimorists, *Cerronistas* (followers of Vladimir Cerrón, the PL leader), and other allied forces worked to preserve their influence over key state institutions. Despite their differences, they formed a parliamentary bloc that acted in coordination to secure institutional control."
Regarding the parliamentary rules approved by the previous Congress, the Elcano commentator states:
“The new electoral system reinforced this dynamic, resulting in a less fragmented Parliament that remains in the hands of the parties that have controlled it since 2016 and have legislated in favor of specific pressure groups and the illicit economy—particularly FP and López Aliaga’s Renovación Popular (RP), alongside the *Castillista* faction restructured within Juntos por el Perú. These three forces will control the Senate, a key factor for governability.”
In other words, a new Parliament—this time bicameral—that will continue to serve the reactionary collusion, the so-called “Congress/Boluarte 2023–2025 model” or “parliamentary pact 2.0,” according to political scientist de la Puente (see the aforementioned article). It is a collusion among reactionaries, revisionists, and other opportunists.
4. NEW GOVERNMENT OF THE FASCIST REGIME HEADED BY KEIKO FUJIMORI AND POPULAR FORCE
(The new edition of the so-called “parliamentary pact 2.0”)
After the runoff election on June 7, Roberto Sánchez loudly proclaimed that he would not recognize the results from the ONPE (National Office of Electoral Processes) and the JNE (National Elections Board) if they declared Keiko Fujimori of Popular Force the winner. He called for the defense of the popular vote. There were mobilizations in Lima and the south of the country. Some believed that R. Sánchez was serious, such as one of his vice-presidential candidates from the south.
But, oh! As the days went by and July approached, his tone, and that of his spokespeople, changed. Transmitting through his spokesperson to claim the opposite, we quote the news report from that day:
“Sources close to the leader of Juntos por el Perú maintain that, regardless of the final outcome of the elections, they will seek to build alliances in Congress and especially in the Senate to provide a political counterweight to any attempt to concentrate power.
👀 While they continue to closely monitor the vote count and the decisions of the electoral bodies, Sánchez’s team is already coordinating with allied sectors a roadmap for the next five years, with the aim of defending institutional integrity and maintaining an active opposition."
And, they cynically stated:
“It cannot be allowed that a single force control all the institutions of the State,” is one of the concerns expressed by leaders and allies of Sánchez’s bloc, who consider it fundamental to preserve democratic balance and the system of checks and balances.”
Well, in accordance with the under-the-table agreement, Sánchez and JPP recognized the "victory" of Keiko Fujimori and FP in the sham and fraudulent 2026 elections and prepared to be the "active opposition," that is, to enjoy parliamentary perks. They formed their parliamentary alliance or "bloc" with other reactionary forces such as Juntos por el Perú, Ahora Nación, Obras, and the Good Government Party, in opposition to the ruling alliance between Fuerza Popular and Renovación Popular.
THE ELECTION OF THE SENATE LEADERSHIP: KEY TO THE EXECUTIVE'S CONTROL OF PARLIAMENT
The situation for the election of the Senate leadership was that none of the alliances would have a majority, while the opposition alliance was assured of a majority in the Chamber of Deputies. But the key is the Senate, as we document with the aforementioned Elcano study, which we will read:
“The new Senate will increase the parliamentary nature of the system by having the final say on passing laws within the new bicameral framework. It will review bills sent by the Chamber of Deputies and may modify or reject them without the need for them to return to the lower house. Another of its core functions will be to appoint high-ranking state officials: the Ombudsman, Constitutional Court magistrates, the Comptroller General, the Superintendent of Banking, and the directors of the Central Reserve Bank (BCR). This makes it a key player in institutional oversight and the shaping of autonomous bodies. Unlike the Chamber of Deputies, the Senate cannot be dissolved by the President; even if the Executive decides to shut down Parliament following a political crisis, the Senate would remain in operation.”
COROLLARY:
Let us briefly examine: How did JPP hand over to FP the key institution for managing parliamentary affairs and other state institutions? Clearly, this occurred amidst a mix of intensified collusion and conflict, as the parties are divided by the interests of factions, groups within those factions, and even individual members.
The situation surrounding the election of the Senate’s steering committee presented a challenge:
“The session scheduled for noon brings together the sixty members of the Senate, divided into two groups of equal size. July 26.
The parity between the two slates is reflected in the seat distribution: each commands exactly thirty votes, foreshadowing an extremely tight contest. Article 17 of the Senate Rules of Procedure stipulates that the first vote requires a simple majority of those present; if this is not achieved, a runoff is held between the two top-polling slates, with the winner being the one that secures the most support.
The critical juncture arises if the second round (...). Spokespersons for both blocs acknowledge the possibility that neither side might prevail on its own, which would shift the resolution to subsequent political negotiations or the adoption of an extraordinary procedure.”
“Result: The ruling party secured the Upper House by a margin of just one spoiled vote, while the opposition won a decisive victory in the Lower House with 74 votes.” (the latter is at the mercy of the Executive, which can dissolve it should it become “obstructionist”)
“From 12 noon onwards, the Senate saw a tight contest between the lists headed by Miguel Torres and Daniel Barragán, with the race too close to call. In the first round of voting, Torres received 30 votes and Barragán 29, with one ballot containing an apparently spoiled vote. The result was the same in the second round. One congressperson spoiled their vote.”
This brief news item reports on the reactionary collusion between FP, RP, and JPP—manifested in the abstention of the JPP senator—which handed the Senate’s steering committee to FP, and with it, control over other key institutions of the old State. It later emerged that the senator had spoiled her vote in exchange for the freedom of Vladimir Cerrón, the owner of the revisionist party “Free Peru (Perú Libre),” who is facing corruption charges, among others.
"The “sacrifice” came from the newly elected senator Silvana Robles, who reportedly spoiled her vote to favor the democratic pact, displaying it—just so, at a slight angle—so that the small mark rendering it invalid would not be seen."
“(…) Returning to Silvana, some insinuate that her generous gesture stemmed from a negotiation regarding the freedom of Vladimir Cerrón—who, by sheer coincidence, was exonerated by the Constitutional Court right around that time. How heartless must one be to attribute an act of patriotism to sordid dealings?” (This article, written in a jocular tone, is the icing on the cake of this reactionary collusion; it appeared in the reactionary newspaper *La República* under the Opinion column “Cry, you commies!” by Maritza Espinoza.)
Senator Silvana Robles was elected on the JPP ticket and belongs to Cerrón’s party, “Perú Libre.”
And that’s the end of the story…