The Worker Newspaper has republished the Peru People's Movement statement on their website, and written an introduction of the statement to outline learning from Chairman Gonzalo and applying his teachings to our situation in the U.S.
IN CELEBRATION OF CHAIRMAN GONZALO’S BIRTHDAY AND PLA DAY – Peru People’s Movement
In observation of December 3rd, the 90th anniversary of the birth of Chairman Gonzalo and Peruvian People’s Liberation Army Day, we hereby publish the following articles found on VND Peru, to which we have made minor edits for readability, accompanied by a brief introduction written by The Worker Editorial Board.
Learn From Chairman Gonzalo, Unite Under Maoism
The Worker alongside our comrades in the struggle to reconstitute the Communist Party of the USA have raised the slogan: learn from Chairman Gonzalo, unite under Maoism. It was the Chairman who correctly defined Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, principally Maoism as the third and superior stage of the ideology of the international proletariat and it was he who led its creative application to the reality of Peru generating his all-powerful thought.
In the early epic of defining Maoism as universally applicable, a Right Liquidationist trend developed from the so-called “Revolutionary Communist Party USA” led by the rat Avakian. It was this scoundrel and renegade who fought first to avoid defining it, arguing that the basis of international unity was not Maoism but Marxism-Leninism, and then only accepting it as Mao Zedong Thought. Eventually Avakian took up Marxism-Leninism-Maoism in name only, denying its philosophical basis by denying the law of contradiction, denying its political economics by denying the proletariat and where the masses are concentrated in the world today, and denying its scientific socialism by denying the universality of Peoples War. Avakian’s pseudo-Trotskyism could only hide under the denomination of Maoism for so long—the great pretender Avakian had to attack great leadership in order to attempt his deception and present himself as the leader of communists internationally—so by 2015 he rejects the title and promotes the revisionism he had been promoting since the 1970s, this time renamed “the New Synthesis of Communism.” The nature of this revisionism is to “rupture” with the so-called “mistakes” of Marx, Lenin, and Mao while incorporating all manner of bourgeois thought; this has been the trademark of Avakian from the start. His revisionism would ultimately lead to the Liquidation of the Revolutionary Internationalist Movement.
After 1992, when Chairman Gonzalo was captured, there emerged the Second Right Opportunist Line in Peru, and it was Avakian in charge of the CO-RIM who through its organs attempted to present the Chairman as a traitor and capitulationist, confirming from a so-called opposite perspective the exact same lies as the ROL. Here a double assault from revisionism represented by the ROL, and Avakian colluded with world reaction and the plans of the CIA to cast infamy on the Chairman. Avakian took advantage of the crisis and took part in this sinister scheme to attempt to usurp the Chairman’s status, undermining his prestige so that he could pass off his hideous distortions of the ideology as Maoism.
There are those today who seek to make use of the crisis in US Maoism to unpack that old rag of Avakian’s which he once called Maoism, to adhere closely to his definitions and pass off attacks, just as he had done, against Chairman Gonzalo. We are soldiers of Chairman Gonzalo and will not allow these attacks to pass without combat and resistance. We indicate that the struggle against Avakianism in the US movement began in earnest in 2016, with the Left taking up a Campaign to promote and support Chairman Gonzalo. The current and temporary dispersal of forces, the assassination of Chairman Gonzalo and his moral, political, and military victory over the plans of reaction in concert with revisionism are conditions that make learning from Chairman Gonzalo more important than ever.
We affirm that Chairman Gonzalo was the greatest man of our era, and remained up until his death the Great Leader of the International Communist Movement, a political and military leader of the highest caliber. We affirm that he remained unbroken and unbreakable during the entirety of three decades in which he was isolated in the world’s most guarded prison as the world’s foremost prisoner of war. We affirm that to make Maoism incarnate we must uphold, defend, and apply the contributions of universal validity of Chairman Gonzalo, the most important for us in the United States being his definition of Maoism, which is what we revolutionaries are duty-bound to unite under. Maoism is principal and serves as the basis of unity for the Communists internationally, no other ideology, but it must be concretely and correctly defined in the same way as our Chairman defined it, and the struggle to overcome the rotten and conciliatory definitions of Avakian must triumph. On the national level, one cannot unite under Maoism without understanding what Maoism is, how it came about, its process of development and who defined it. It is impossible to unite under Maoism without first learning from Chairman Gonzalo, and ultimately revolutionaries must unite under the correct understanding of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, principally Maoism with the contributions of universal validity of Chairman Gonzalo.
It is the Left who has generated honest efforts to do this, while the Right has historically denied it, fought against it, and gone over in part or full to Liquidationism. Uniting under Maoism means learning from Chairman Gonzalo, learning how to crush and defeat the sinister plans of reaction and revisionism in a political, moral, and military victory, in service of and as part of the World Proletarian Revolution, which is right now generating Communists and Communist Parties to guide and develop the World People’s War.
LONG LIVE THE 90 YEARS OF CHAIRMAN GONZALO!
LONG LIVE CHAIRMAN GONZALO’S ALL POWERFUL THOUGHT!
LEARN FROM CHAIRMAN GONZALO, UNITE UNDER MAOISM!
Proletarians of all countries, unite!
IN CELEBRATION OF CHAIRMAN GONZALO’S BIRTHDAY AND PLA DAY
(December 3, 2024)
The Chairman, by creatively applying Marxism-Leninism-Maoism to the concrete conditions of Peruvian reality, has generated Gonzalo Thought, thus providing the party and the revolution with an indispensable weapon that is a guarantee of victory.
Gonzalo Thought has been forged over years of intense, tenacious and incessant struggle to uphold, defend and apply Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, to resume the path of Mariátegui and develop it, to reconstitute the Party and, mainly, to initiate, maintain and develop the people’s war in Peru serving the world revolution and to ensure that Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, mainly Maoism, is in theory and in practice its only command and guide. The general political line and its 5 elements are based on this thought, and therefore the military line as the center.
It is the process of the people’s war that has driven Gonzalo thought, it has led it to materialize as Gonzalo thought. It was first specified as a guiding thought, then as the guiding thought of Chairman Gonzalo and, later, as Gonzalo Thought. Guiding thought, II National Conference, when the party prepares to generate a vacuum in the countryside and create new Power, that was the concrete historical foundation. The reference to Chairman Gonzalo’s guiding thought, I Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the III Conference, which agreed on the Great Leap, within the plan to Conquer Bases, in the people’s war.
In the I Congress of the PCP (1988) on the Military Line, he established:
Upholding, defending and applying Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, mainly Maoism, Chairman Gonzalo has established the military line of the Party. At the First National Conference in November 1979, it was agreed upon as the center of the general political line and is being developed throughout the people’s war.
Chairman Gonzalo has persistently integrated the universal truth of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism with the concrete practice of the Peruvian revolution, fighting and crushing revisionism and right-wing opportunist lines; applying dialectical materialism to the question of war, so the military line also expresses Chairman Gonzalo’s philosophical thought and summarizes the laws of war, of revolutionary war in general and of the specific laws of revolutionary war in Peru. The military line is vital for our ideological, political, military, economic and cultural work and allows us to differentiate the proletarian military line from the bourgeois military line.
The military line is the laws that govern the people’s war for the conquest of power and the defense of the same. It consists of three elements: 1) People’s War, which in our case is specified as a unitary people’s war, main field, complementary city; 2) Construction of the revolutionary armed forces, which in our case is specified as a People’s Guerrilla Army, which has the particularity of incorporating the militia to advance towards the armed sea of masses, and; 3) Strategy and tactics that are embodied through encirclement and annihilation campaigns and counter-campaigns of encirclement and annihilation, which in our case is specified by applying political and military plans that have political strategy and military strategy concretized in campaigns with specific contents.
Chairman Mao has laid down the path of encircling the cities from the countryside and their core, the Base Areas, taking into account that the powerful imperialists and their reactionary Chinese allies were entrenched in the main cities and that if the revolution refused to surrender and wanted to persevere in the struggle, it had to convert the backward rural areas into advanced and solid Base Areas, into great military, political, economic and cultural bastions of the revolution from where to fight against the fierce enemy, who attacked the rural areas using the cities, and to lead the revolution step by step to complete victory through a prolonged war.
Based on this Maoist thesis, Chairman Gonzalo has established the need to carry out a united people’s war where the countryside is the main theatre of armed actions, since in our country we have an immense majority of peasant masses and there the support bases must be built since, as Chairman Mao says: “The prolonged revolutionary struggle sustained in such revolutionary support bases is, fundamentally, a guerrilla war of the peasants led by the Communist Party of China. Therefore, it is wrong to ignore the need to use rural areas as revolutionary support bases, to neglect the hard work of the peasants and to neglect guerrilla warfare.” But, in addition, Chairman Gonzalo specifies that armed actions must be carried out in the cities as a complement.
The militants of the Communist Party of Peru fully and completely assume the military line of the Party, established by Chairman Gonzalo who, based on the highest things created by the international proletariat, Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, has specified with Gonzalo Thought our military line, providing us with an invincible weapon, the unitary people’s war as the main field and the city as a complement, which as the main form of struggle we carry forward as a lit torch before the world proclaiming the universal validity of the ever-living Marxism-Leninism-Maoism.
For this new celebration of the birthday of our Chief, Chairman Gonzalo, and the day of the People’s Liberation Army (EPL), there is nothing better than publishing the document of the Communist Party of Peru: CONCLUSIONS OF THE PROCESS OF THE ARMED STRUGGLE, whose importance and opportunity of its publication will be understood by studying it.
The document deals with the four years of armed revolution, the four achievements of the armed struggle and the process of developing the people’s war. The Central Committee approved this document in which the process of the armed struggle and the Conclusions are contained, as well as the principles to be adhered to by all members of the party. The Party, in this regard, established:
We must adhere to three fundamental points:
a. A single thought, the Guiding Thought
b. A single Line
c. A single Direction
The four years of the people’s war and part of the background, from the Constitution, are seen.
– The Party to take Power.
– The abandonment of the path.
– The Reconstitution and the Fraction.
– The Guiding Thought and the New Type Revolutionary Party.
– We began to lead the Armed Struggle.
In four years of armed struggle, four milestones have been met.
I. Milestone: IX Plenary Session, of definition, ILA [trans: Initiation of armed struggle] is decided.
II. Milestone: Preparation: I National Conference: Militarization of the Party,
Military Strategic Plan, Construction of the Three Instruments, ——–
Development of the Armed Struggle, Forging the First Company, from
the First EEM of the Party, declaration of War and 2nd Plenary of the —
Central Committee.
III: Milestone: Beginning On May 17th, the Armed Struggle begins with the Chuschi action
(at the end of May, the beginning of the Plan is defined; 93 actions throughout that year, we began with modest actions, but we began a peasant war; until today, 15 thousand actions. In our country, the III Moment of the SPC (Peruvian Contemporary Society) has opened, after May until December ILA and we began the guerrilla war. We began a peasant war, mainly guerrilla.
IV: Milestone: Development of the guerrilla war, it is the longest period, from there the strategic balance and the final offensive are prepared, we enter this long period and we begin opening Guerrilla Zones; in five months we open several zones, we achieve eight Guerrilla Zones and five Operations Zones until May 1981; then we begin to Deploy the War of Guerrillas until the end of 82, –
it is two years and we fulfilled the deployment in parts: obtaining weapons and means, clearing the countryside with armed actions and Batir II, with this we opened the Guerrilla Zones: then, the Armed Forces came in, the reaction carried out police operations in January 81, it was an incomplete interval; another one was done after the Tambo action, then after the action of the CRAS (Jail) of Ayacucho.
Thus, in September 81, in the V Plenary Session it was analyzed what to do in case the army comes in. Then we entered the Great Leap of Conquering Support Bases, in which the political-military strategy and the four tasks of the People’s War are defined.
We have already fulfilled one specifically with DDC-1 and then with DDC-2 in its First Wave. We see that DDC (Defend, Develop and Build) is politically principal and permanent in the entire strategy CBA [trans: Conquer support bases]-Political Strategy . This year we have fulfilled our duty to confront the army and build.
We have achieved 15 thousand actions and more than 7 thousand in the last year. Our armed actions have multiplied. Our revolution will rise more and more.”
After this celebratory presentation we put at your disposal the above-mentioned document.
LONG LIVE CHAIRMAN GONZALO AND HIS ALMIGHTY GONZALO THOUGHT
LONG LIVE THE MILITARY LINE OF THE PARTY!
LONG LIVE THE MILITARY LINE OF THE PARTY!
THE PEOPLE’S WAR IS INVINCIBLE!
PERUVIAN PEOPLE MOVEMENT
December 2024
CONCLUSIONS OF THE ARMED STRUGGLE PROCESS
I. CONCEPT
I. Milestone. Defense of Marxism-Leninism-Mao-Tsetung Thought.
II. Milestone. Uphold, Defend and Apply Marxism-Leninism-Mao-Tsetung Thought.
III. Milestone. Maoism. Marxism-Leninism-Maoism. Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, Guiding Thought.
– Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, mainly Maoism, is embodied in the Party. Marxism-Leninism-Maoism is being applied and developed, making the guiding thought of the Party a conception that guides the Peruvian revolution.
II. POLICY
I. Milestone. Definition of starting the armed struggle.
II. Milestone. Establishment of the General Political Line and Military Line as a center.
III. Milestone. III Moment and develop the militarization of the Party through actions.
IV Milestone. General crisis of bureaucratic capitalism and democratic path began to rise in armed struggle developing guerrilla warfare and conquering support bases. Main contradiction New State Old State.
– The general political line and military line as a center are developed in the III Moment of Peruvian society in the midst of the general crisis of bureaucratic capitalism, initiating and developing guerrilla warfare and conquering support bases.
– Combat the neglect of the General Political Line and the Military Line as a center that denies the objective and subjective conditions to develop armed struggle and realize the central task of the revolution which is the conquest of power by structuring support bases.
III. AGRARIAN POLICY
I. Milestone. Lesson of peasant struggle: Without armed struggle directed by the Party, action results in evolution within agrarian laws. II. Milestone. Agrarian tactics: Fight the evolution of feudalism by targeting associative property and scuttling non-associative property, neutralizing the middle peasantry and relying on the poor peasantry, invasions.
III. Milestone. Class struggle in the countryside: Relationship between the peasant problem – the land problem – armed struggle – Power. All under the direction of the Party. Harvests, invasions.
IV. Milestone. Agrarian tactics in the armed struggle: Land for those who work it through confiscation, clearing land and establishing support bases with armed struggle.
Throughout the armed struggle, peasant labor has been used as the basis and military work as a guide. Agrarian policy, tactics and the class line in the agrarian war have been applied. Harvesting, invasion and collective sowing. Destroying semi-feudal relations by applying devastation, directing the spearhead to dislocate the power of the bosses, striking bosses. Taking into account the polarization in the countryside.
– Fighting to see the field flat [ver el campo plano], not hitting the associative property, changing the target, being in favor of land seizures and distribution, for the cereal strike and price increase of the products.
IV. CONSTRUCTION
I MILESTONE. Rethinking the organizational system.
II MILESTONE. Strategic Plan for the Militarization of the Communist Parties.
III MILESTONE. Organizational guideline. General readjustment of the Party to focus on the military.
IV MILESTONE. Development of the Strategic Plan for the Militarization of the Communist Parties.
Construction development plan, the two networks in the countryside and the city.
Guerrilla zone systems and support base system.
All-powerful Party leadership and concentric management of the three instruments. General Party reorganization. Need for ideological, political and organizational consolidation.
– The organic level has been raised to the level of political leadership, the Party as the axis of everything and centered on the military, successfully fulfilling the development of the militarization of the Party through actions and concretizing the all-powerful leadership of the Party in the three instruments of the revolution (Party, Armed Struggle Force and United Front).
– Combating the neglect of the Party, the opposition to militarization expressed in wanting a lax Party, liberalism, bureaucracy, anarchism, artisanal forms. Failure to adjust to the construction of the two networks and concentric management. Problems in the five needs, democratic centralism, clandestinity, secrecy, surveillance and discipline.
V. UNITED FRONT
II. MILESTONE Approaches of Marxism-Leninism-Mao Zedong Thought and the United Front.
III. MILESTONE Committee for the Distribution of Power. People’s Committee. Area where Power is questioned. Guerrilla Zone, Operations Zone, action points, Support Bases.
IV. MILESTONE. Clandestine People’s Committee. Revolutionary Front for the Defense of the People. Organizing Committee of the base and the People’s Republic of New Democracy. Three functions and five positions.
– At the end of the struggle, December ’82, the Party created the United Front linked to the construction of the new State through armed struggle and with the main form of organization under the direction of the Party. It has implemented Systems of Government: People’s Assembly. It conceives a Fluid State according to the fluidity of the war. We went from a Government of Workers and Peasants to a People’s Republic of New Democracy. Need for a land law, a law of People’s Rights, a family law. Today we have a Grassroots Organizing Committee and an Organizing Committee of the Republic with three functions: direction, planning and construction. People’s Committees with five positions. Revolutionary Front for the Defense of the People in the countryside, (Resistance Centers) in the city. Generated Organizations.
– Fight the disconnection of the United Front from the State, the Party and the armed struggle; not seeing the class character of the United Front, its basis the worker-peasant alliance, worrying about the middle bourgeoisie and rich peasantry, ignoring the organizations generated mainly by the Poor Peasants Movement and the Classist Workers and Workers Movement and the erroneous application of the three-thirds policy. Applying dictatorship, coercion and popular violence. Overcoming insufficient mass work and developing the Revolutionary Movement for the Defense of the People (Resistance Centers).
VI. LEADERSHIP
I Milestone. Presidency of the Political Bureau and the Central Committee.
II Milestone. The leadership of Comrade Gonzalo is sanctioned.
III Milestone. Law of leadership.
IV Milestone. One-person leadership and collective leadership Dictatorship of the proletariat. Presidency of the Party, Presidency of the Military Commission and Presidency of the Organizing Committee of the People’s Republic of New Democracy.
– Strengthening of the Presidency of Comrade Gonzalo, guarantee of victory, the leadership of the armed struggle is forged. The leadership system is strengthened: Permanent Committee, Political Bureau, Central Committee, Three recommendations: do not let yourself be pressured, apply coercion and exercise dictatorship.
– Fight any circumvention of leadership. Treat the leadership problem as a key issue of the two-line struggle.
VII. TWO-LINE STRUGGLE
I. Milestone. Commitment of the IX Plenum: defend and apply the agreements, crush any attempt to recall and sweep away all opposition within or outside the Party. Crush the right-wing opportunist line:
II Milestone. Fight against the right-wing line in gestation and development.
III Milestone. Fight against headless rightism. Cure the disease to save the patient.
IV Milestone. Contradictions within the people Root of the problems: the new and remnants of the old. Rightism as the main danger.
– The good dialectical handling of the two-line struggle has allowed us to avoid the split in the Party, the structuring of opportunist lines, making 90% of the membership advance by applying decapitation and resolving the contradictions between right and left and the divergences on the left as contradictions within the people.
– Fight the neglect of the two-line struggle and the reduction to a single right-left contraction in order to appear to enlarge the right and antagonize the struggle by labeling the two-line struggle as ultra. Do not lower your guard against the tactics used by the right: maneuvering, revoking agreements, surprise attacks, intrigues and conspiracies, ganging up, changing targets, absolving yourself of your responsibility, making a dirty fight by lowering it to a personal level and not as a struggle of ideas.
VIII. MILITARY LINE
I Milestone. Political Strategy: Agreement to Initiate the Armed Struggle.
II Milestone. Marxism-Leninism-Mao Zedong Thought and the People’s War in the country. Political Strategy.
III Milestone. The three elements of the military line. Laws of the beginning of the armed struggle. Main policy.
IV Milestone. Develop guerrilla warfare by opening and developing Guerrilla Zones and conquering Support Bases. Laws of the development of guerrilla warfare and Laws of the Support Base. Its main policies. Development of the broad, highly mobile guerrilla warfare.
– Development of the Military Line as center. The Definition. Defining and deciding, New Type Party to take power. Party decision on new goal, new stage. Agreement to begin armed struggle.
The preparation. Establishment of the bases of the path of the People’s War in the country.
The beginning. Great struggle to begin armed struggle generating armed actions and armed forces linked to the peasantry. Main form of struggle and main form of organization.
The development of guerrilla warfare. Through three steps: 1) Opening Guerrilla Zones. 2) Developing Guerrilla Zones and 3) Concretization of the New Order specified in People’s Committees. Laws of Guerrilla Warfare, development of guerrilla warfare as a strategy, is the longest period through which our forces go from weak to strong by creating Support Bases and annihilating the enemy’s forces. Restoration and counter-restoration.
Fight the opposition to the Military Line that accuses it of militarism, hoxhaism, adventurism, mechanism, denying the opening and development of Guerrilla Zones and the conquest of Support Bases, Slowing down the pace, opposing leaps and capitulating due to overestimating the enemy and focusing on weapons first, modalities that point to a bourgeois military line.
IX. STRATEGY AND TACTICS
II Milestone. Military Strategic Plan and defensive strategy: Field; main, city complement. Revolutionary war as a unit.
III Milestone. Plan for the beginning of the armed struggle, mainly guerrilla.
IV Milestone. Guerrilla Warfare Development Plan. Opening guerrilla zones based on Support Bases.
Guerrilla Warfare Deployment Plan. The three moments: 1) Seizing weapons and means. 2) Clearing the field by promoting guerrilla action. 3) Beat to advance towards Support Bases. Link.
* Important specifications of the V Plenary Session on the tactics to be applied depending on whether the police forces and/or the armed forces participate in their different possibilities.
* Plan on the escape policy.
* Plan to Defeat [plan de Batir] I and II Campaigns.
* Three-part plan in cities.
Great Plan to Conquer Bases.
* Zonal Plans. Reestablishment, counter-establishment.
– Development of strategy and tactics, maintaining at all times a strategy superior to the enemy.
Implementation of strategically centralized and tactically decentralized plans that promote the development of the armed struggle through quantitative and qualitative leaps from the simple to the complex, applied with initiative, flexibility and planning. Taking into account the carrying out of offensive operations within the defensive war, quick decision battles within the protracted war and exterior lines operations within the interior lines. Managing Chairman Mao’s guerrilla tactics and today the superior form of civil war: encirclement and annihilation campaigns and counter-campaigns of encirclement and annihilation.
– Combating the underestimation of our forces, not subjecting ourselves to the centralization of plans by citing particularities, criteria of high plan and retreat in fact; rigidity, narrowness, partial vision, not putting politics in charge, prolongation in execution and lack of bellicosity. Not planning the entire counter-campaign as a whole and varying the tactic of going around in circles with avoiding confrontations, tendency to flee and retreat. Overcome poor management of axes, movements, platoons, retreat points, concentration and dispersion that leads to actions outside the guerrilla zone or support base. In the city, overcome the disorganization of the three-part plan.
X. CONSTRUCTION OF THE ARMY
I Milestone. Form military cadres. Form own groups for armed action.
II Milestone. Commitment to forge the I Company in practice.
III Milestone. From groups to direct crowds to detachments and platoons in function of Companies. Organize the militias.
IV Milestone.- Action of the Companies targeting battalions Special detachments in function of urban guerrilla.
People’s Guerrilla Army: main forces, local forces and base forces.
– At the beginning, ILA [trans: Initiation of Armed Struggle] CO, the Party entered to resolve the contradiction Party-Armed Forces concretizing the main form of organization, developing the new type Army as a pillar of the new State and through leaps from unarmed groups to lead crowds [muchedumbre] to the People’s Guerrilla Army under the absolute direction of the Party and following the principle “The Party commands the Rifle” Formed by workers and peasants, mainly poor peasants, subject to the ideological, political and military construction of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, guiding thought Complies with combat, mobilize the masses and produce. Supported by the masses and with great intrepid spirit, thus demonstrating that what is decisive is the man and not the weapons.
– Combat the tendency to ignore the ideological, political and military construction of the People’s Guerrilla Army, which threatens the character of the new type of Army and the absolute leadership of the Party; sweep away conservatism in the incorporation of mainly poor peasants and poor selection; demand the fulfillment of three functions and advance in the good management of the main, local and base forces, overcome the amorphous formation of companies, the lack of direction, the dismantling of platoons and the postponement of battalions. Resolve training.
ABOUT ACTIONS
THE FOUR FORMS OF STRUGGLE
I. GUERRILLA ACTION
– Collective harvests and sowing:
Advances
Airabamba, Tancayllo, Aizarca and collective sowing protected by the People’s Guerrilla Army and led by the People’s Committee.
Limitation
Assault:
Advances
On police posts Luricocha, Quinua, Tambo, Totos, Vilcashuaman. Disarmament.
Limitation: Do not make the breakthrough Naña, Ricardo Palma.
Ambushes:
Advances.
Leap in the First Campaign to Defend, Develop and Build Sivia, Minascucho. Ambush on Armed Forces vehicles. Surprise attacks.
Limitation: Develop more, no counterambush is applied; aim at patrols; forces are surprised: Omasi, Manallascac, Tuco.
Taking of towns:
Advances.
Qualitative and quantitative leaps from the beginning (Push [Pujas]) to the conquest of Bases; from small to medium.
Limitation: Vinchos (CR Central) let reactionaries group together and arrest them for not camouflaging themselves and not doing good reconnaissance, they failed to annihilate.
– Confrontations:
Advances.
Reverence for the Armed Forces is beginning to be lost and responce with great decision. Andahuylas, Aranhuay, Milucha, Sacsamarca, Huacasancos. Combined forces or troops.
Limitation: They are surprised and do not make response plans, they disband. Ocoril, Pujas.
Destructions and counter-restorations; strikes at critical points and overtakings:
Advances
The guerrilla begins to handle itself with wide mobility, encirclement and annihilation campaigns and counter-campaigns of encirclement and annihilation. Umaru.
Limitation: Strike and escape; avoid strikes at the main point of the Base; manifestation of wandering Lucanas. Develop further the wide guerrilla war of high mobility. Resolve movements in stealth and by platoons.
– Encirclement and annihilation campaigns and counter-encirclement and annihilation campaigns
Escape
Advances
CRAS Ayacucho escape policy
Limitation: Problems with the basic principle of high-level war planning, lack of understanding.
Riots, street fighting tactics
Advances
In the capital of the country, simultaneously at 13 points and a wide area with successive blows. There has been progress in uniting armed struggle with the people’s struggle for rights.
Resistance centers.
Limitation: Develop them around proletarian struggles.
II. Sabotage
Sabotage:
Advances
Strong blows to the country’s economy, bureaucratic capitalism, imperialism and social-imperialism. Application in series.
San Martín de Porres, Southern, Oil pipeline, light and microwave towers, Hogar SA, Bayer, cotton bales, sugarcane fields. Three-part plan.
Limitation: Not hitting Social-Imperialism, greater sabotage is needed. More roadblocks.
III. SELECTIVE TERRORISM
Popular trials:
Advances
Execution of authorities and informants.
Limitation: not executing higher-level authorities.
IV. PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE
Agitation:
Advances.
Armed propaganda centered on the peasantry as the main one.
200,000 documents of Let’s Develop Guerrilla Warfare; 100,000 posters; graphic leaflets, 150,000 the first and 100,000 the second.
Psychological warfare.
Limitation: In the city, not targeting the proletariat.
Mobilization:
Advances:
From mobilizing hundreds of people to mobilizing 50,000 peasants only in the main CR during the “Batir”
It is mainly armed
Limitation: Proletariat and poor masses of the city.
THE FIVE STEPS
1. Actions
Advances: We have entered the main form of civil war, campaigns and countercampaigns of encirclement and annihilation. Campaign management. The five steps.
Failures: Failure of plan, Ñaña, Tambo 2, Chumbes, Failure of reconnaissance, investigation; fixing terrain. Failure of information. They do not see two hills. Lircay, Ricardo Palma.
2. Detachments
Advances: People’s Guerrilla Army three forces:
Night march, regular march and forced march.
Failures: Problems in force management, problems in concentration and dispersion. Company: direction does not work; amorphous without platoons. Displacement, mobility by road during the day. They are surprised: Tuco, Manallasac, etc. Failures of surveillance, Failure of coordination.
3. Planning
Advances: Withdrawal at night, with shelter, in stages. One point, two sides, main point, Containment, breakthrough. Three groups: attack, support, security.
Means: achievement and distribution. Where to hit the weakest point. Never between two flanks.
Problems: Improvisation; anticipate success, failure, casualties
Starting point, retreat, concentration. Rehearsals, command voice. Start signal; signs, links. Task control. Thoroughness.
EXECUTION
Advances: Objective is achieved. Key assaults breakthrough if it fails they surrender with fire.
Problems: Achievement of the objective: Ricardo Palme; Vilcashuaman, CRAS Ayacucho (weapons\) Bellicosity, audacity, quick decision. Most important moment.
EVALUATION
Advance: Zone balances
Problems: It is ignored, positive and negative lessons are not learned in platoons, detachments, etc.
ACHIEVEMENTS
In the political ideology. We are based on Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, guiding thought. Guiding thought is the main thing because it is the application and development of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism. With guiding thought we have reconstituted the party, we have started the armed struggle and today we are unleashing it by conquering support bases through main policies, general political line and military line as a center.
In construction: Concentric construction of the three instruments of the revolution: Party-Armed Forces-United Front through the development of armed struggle.
In Party. With a new type of party, the militarization of the party is developed through actions directing the revolutionary war and handling the three instruments.
In Armed Forces, emerging from the main form of struggle, the actions and the main form of organization, the People’s Guerrilla Army as an Army of a new type.
In Front, creation and conquest based on support, People’s Committees, Revolutionary Front for the Defense of the People, Revolutionary Movement for the Defense of the People, People’s Republic of New Democracy.
III In Direction, establishment of the direction of the revolution with the presidency of comrade Gonzalo, which is a guarantee of triumph and expression of the dictatorship of the proletariat.
IV Plan, correct establishment and management of the plans of armed struggle maintaining superior strategy. Today, specification of the campaigns of encirclement and annihilation and counter-campaigns of encirclement and annihilation. Five steps.
V Armed Action, we specify the specific laws of the People’s War breaking political and military plans of the enemy, Police Forces and one year with the Armed Forces. Based on our own efforts and supporting ourselves in the struggle of the international proletariat and the oppressed peoples of the world.
VI On the Two-Line Struggle, we handle the contradictions between the Left and the Right, the divergences in the Left as contradictions within the people, averting the split and making 90% of the militancy advance through the rectification campaign, raising the unity of the Party in function of the armed struggle. Fighting rightism as the main danger.
CONCLUSIONS OF THE PROCESS OF THE ARMED STRUGGLE
I. CONCEPT
IV MILESTONE
Maoism-Marxism-Leninism-Maoism
Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, guiding thought.
– Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, mainly Maoism, is embodied in the party. Marxism-Leninism-Maoism is being applied and developed, making the guiding thought of the party a conception that guides the Peruvian revolution.
– The need to strengthen the enthronement of the guiding thought.
II. POLITICS
III. MILESTONE
General crisis of bureaucratic capitalism and democratic path begins to rise in armed struggle, developing guerrilla warfare and conquering Support Bases. Main contradiction. New State. Old State.
– The general political line and military line as the center develops in the third moment of Peruvian society, in the midst of the general crisis of bureaucratic capitalism, initiating and developing guerrilla warfare and conquering Support Bases.
– Fight the neglect of the general political line and the military line as the center that denies the objective conditions to develop the armed struggle and to realize the central task of the revolution, which is the conquest of power by structuring Support Bases.
III. AGRARIAN POLICY
IV. MILESTONE
Agrarian tactics in the armed struggle: land for those who work it through confiscation, clearing land and establishing Support Bases with armed struggle.
Raze: Destroy feudal relations to dismantle the productive process, harvests, invasions with mainly guerrilla actions.
Polarization: Problem of politics, revolutionary peasantry and conservative peasantry, collective sowing.
– Throughout the process of the armed struggle, peasant work has been applied as a base and military work as a guide, agrarian policy, tactics and the class line were applied in the agrarian war, harvesting, invasion and collective sowing. Destroy semi-feudal relations by applying devastation, directing the spearhead to dislodge the power of the gamonal, strike at the gamonalism [trans: feudal landlord power]. Taking into account the polarization in the countryside.
– Fight to see the field flat [ver el campo plano], not to hit the associative property, change target, be for the land seizures and distribution, for the cereal strike and price increase of the products.
IV CONSTRUCTION
IV MILESTONE
Development of the strategic plan of communist militarization.
Construction development plan.
The two networks in the countryside and city.
System of guerrilla zones and system of Support Bases.
Omnipotent direction of the party and concentric management of the three instruments, general reorganization of the party, need for consolidation, ideological, political and organizational.
– The organization has been raised to the level of political leadership, the party as the axis of everything and centered on the military, successfully fulfilling the development of the militarization of the party through actions and contracting the all-powerful leadership of the party in the three instruments of the revolution.
– Fighting the neglect of the party, the opposition to militarization expressed in wanting a lax party, liberalism, bureaucracy, anarchism, artisanal forms.
Failure to adjust to the construction of the two networks and concentric management. Problems in the 5 needs: democratic centralism, clandestinity, secrecy, surveillance and discipline. Preparation and establishment of the bases for the path of the people’s war in the country.
The beginning. Great struggle to begin the armed struggle generating armed actions and armed forces linked to the peasantry. Main form of struggle and main form of organization.
The development of guerrilla warfare through three steps:
1) Opening guerrilla zones
2) Developing guerrilla zones
3) Concretization of the new order specified in people’s committees, laws of guerrilla warfare, development of guerrilla warfare as a strategy.
In the longest period through which our weak forces become strong by creating support bases and annihilating the enemy’s forces.
Restoration and counter-restoration.
– Fighting the opposition to the military line that accuses it of militarism, hoxism, adventurism, mechanism, denying the opening and development of guerrilla zones and the conquest of Support Bases. Slow down the pace, oppose the leaps and capitulate due to overestimation of the enemy and focus on weapons first, modalities that aim at a LMB (bourgeois military line).
IX. STRATEGY AND TACTICS
IV. MILESTONE
Plan to develop guerrilla warfare, open guerrilla zones based on Support Bases.
Plan to deploy guerrilla warfare. The three moments:
1) Conquer weapons and means
2) Remove the field by promoting guerrilla actions.
3) Beat to advance towards Support Bases, link
• Important specifications of the V Plenary Session on the tactics to be applied according to the participation of the police forces and/or armed forces in their different possibilities.
• Plan on the policy of escape
• Plan to beat I and II campaigns
Three-part plan in cities
– Great plan to conquer bases
Zonal plan, reestablishment and counter-reestablishment.
– Development of strategy and tactics, maintaining at all times a strategy superior to the enemy. Implementation of strategically centralized and tactically decentralized plans that (boost) the development of the armed struggle through quantitative and qualitative leaps from the simple to the complex, applying with initiative, flexibility and planning. Taking into account the realization of offensive operations within the defensive war, quick decision battles within the protracted war and operations on exterior lines within interior lines, managing the guerrilla tactics of Chairman MAO and today the superior form of civil war: encirclement and annihilation campaigns and counter-campaigns of encirclement and annihilation.
– Combat the underestimation of our forces, the failure to adhere to the centralization of the plans by citing particularities, criteria of High Plan and retreat in the fact, rigidity, narrowness, partial vision, not putting politics in charge, prolongation in the execution and lack of bellicosity. Not planning the counter-campaign as a whole and varying the tactic of going around in circles by avoiding confrontations, tendency to flee and retreat. Overcoming poor handling of axes. Movements, platoons, retreat points, concentration and dispersion that leads to actions outside the guerrilla zone or support base. In the city, overcoming the disorganization of the three-part plan.
X. CONSTRUCTION OF THE ARMY
IV. MILESTONE
Action of the companies targeting battalions. Detachments
People’s guerrilla army: main force, local force and base force.
– At the beginning of the 1980s, the party began to resolve the contradiction between the party and the armed forces by specifying the main form of organization, developing the new type of army as the pillar of the new State and through the leaps of unarmed groups to lead the masses to the people’s guerrilla army under the absolute direction of the party following the principle “The Party commands the rifle.” Formed by workers and peasants, mainly poor peasants, subject to the ideological, political and military construction of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, guiding thought. It fulfills its duty to fight, mobilize the masses and produce. Supported by the masses and with great intrepid spirit, thus demonstrating that what decides is the man and not the weapons.
– Fight the tendency to ignore the ideological, political and military construction of the new type of army and the absolute direction of the party; sweep away conservatism in the incorporation of mainly poor peasants and poor selection; demand the fulfillment of three functions and advance in the good management of the main forces, local and base, overcome amorphous formation of companies, the lack of march of their direction, the dismantling of platoons and the postponement of battalions. Resolve training.
ON ACTIONS; THE FOUR FORMS OF STRUGGLE
I. GUERRILLA ACTION
– Collective harvests and sowing
– Assault
– Ambushes
– Taking of towns
– Confrontations
– Destructions and counter-restorations, strikes at critical points and overtakings.
– Campaigns of encirclement and annihilation and counter-campaigns of encirclement and annihilation.
– Escape
– Disturbances, tactics of fighting in the streets.
II. SABOTAGE
– Sabotage
III. SELECTIVE TERRORISM
– Executions, popular trials
IV. PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE
– Agitation
– Mobilization
THE FIVE STEPS
1. Actions
2. Detachments
3. Planning
4. Execution
5. Evaluation
ACHIEVEMENTS
I. IDEOLOGICAL-POLITICAL
We are based on Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, guiding thought. The guiding thought is the main thing because it is the application and development of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism. With the guiding thought we have reconstituted the party, we have started armed struggle and today we develop it by conquering support bases through leading politicians. General political line and military line as a center.
II. UNDER CONSTRUCTION
Concentric construction of the first three instruments of the revolution: Party-Armed Forces-United Front through the development of armed struggle.
In the party, with PNT the militarization of the party is developed through actions directing the revolutionary war and handling the three instruments.
In the armed forces, emergence of the main form of struggle, the actions and the main form of organization, the people’s guerrilla exercise as a new type of army.
In the front, creation and conquest of support bases, people’s committees, revolutionary front for the defense of the people, people’s republic of new democracy.
III. IN DIRECTION
Establishment of the direction of the revolution with the presidency of c. Gonzalo which is a guarantee of triumph and expression of the dictatorship of the proletariat.
IV. PLAN
Correct establishment and management of the plans of armed struggle, maintaining superior strategy, today specification of the encirclement and annihilation campaigns and counter-campaigns of encirclement and annihilation. Five steps.
V. ARMED ACTION
Let us concretize the specific laws of the people’s war by breaking the political and military plans of the enemy, police forces and … with the armed forces. Basing ourselves on our own efforts and relying on the struggle of the international proletariat and the oppressed peoples of the world.
VI. ON THE TWO-LINE STRUGGLE
We handle the contradictions between left and right and the divergences on the left as contradictions within the people, averting the split and making 90% of the M(ilitants) advance through the rectification campaign, raising the unity of the party in function of the armed struggle, combating rightism as the main danger.
INTRODUCTION:
We are committed to solving the problem of war. The problem of power, of revolutionary power, is not just any power, it is that of the proletariat, the class of which we are the vanguard, in whose ideology we are based, the class which we serve and serve and will serve.
THE PEOPLE’S WAR IN PERU
This revolutionary war for which the blood of the people and communists is running in torrents, this people’s war is but a part, a piece of the WR [World Revolution], because as Marx taught us, we fight in various parts of the world and we will do so within and in function of the WR.
These are our orientations and they will continue to be so. We emphasize this, the inseparable link with the WR because the historical circumstances, the concatenation of events that is history itself, has placed on our shoulders the communists in PERU, raising, defending and applying Maoism, fighting in the first line as the advance guard of this glorious revolutionary process that the proletariat leads.
The facts themselves have determined that our revolution is an example, a torch, a great bonfire that is showing the face of the earth the power of our invincible ideology: The M-L-M, mainly Maoism (The CPSU and the CCP fulfilled an infinitely greater task: they were the center and base of the WR) this to better understand our greater and higher responsibility.
We are not only changing our country but we are real hope, filled with the invincibility of the ideology of the proletariat. Two reasons that we must take into account:
1. We are the true transformers of our country
2. We are the shock brigade of the WR
Very important
– About the Quota: “The seal of commitment to our revolution, to the WR, to the blood of the people that runs in our country destroying the old and building the new.”
The quota is a small part of the Peruvian revolution and of the WR, it is our revolution, the greater part is caused by the reaction and the lesser part by us. They form lakes, we soak only handkerchiefs.
The III Round is a complete success, in this way what we agreed has become a shocking fact that deeply shakes the foundations of the reactionary State of PERU and at the same time its persecution in other lands is ever greater and growing. The main thing has surpassed the inflection and is superior to the 2nd Round.
On historical optimism (see IISP)
Our starting point must endorse the historical optimism that we as P. of the proletariat must always express because being creators of the new order is nascent freedom that we have shaped by destroying the old through thousands of newly concrete actions in almost all our country in facts that have hit the reaction hard that have made this Government tremble particularly, the most starvation and most genocidal Government, the most demagogic Government, which we with armed action are demonstrating for what it is.
We communists do not believe in a reactionary dictatorship, we only believe in the dictatorship of the proletariat created and sustained by arms and directed by the PCP.
Our predictions are being fulfilled (see IIISP) and success for the III Campaign, III Campaign part of the PC of the GS within the great PE of CB.
PEOPLE’S CTE MAIN ACHIEVEMENT OF THE III Campaign
Chairman MAO. “Power is born from the rifle”, “Everything comes from the mouth of the cannons”.
We start from a single ideological base which is historical optimism, which is at the same time concretized, embodied, converted into a developed fact as a transforming action that is demolishing more and more the old order and generating the new order, the new power guided by the P. in representation of the proletariat and linked to the poor peasantry and the P.B. (petty bourgeoisie) in synthesis a joint dictatorship with the other classes that concur to the same goal, it is not about historical optimism in the abstract but in a concrete fact with our hands mainly with our conception of M-L-M, mainly Maoism and guided by the PG [trans: Guiding Thought] which is the application of this universal truth to the specific condition of our reality of this homeland of ours that is Peru.
One of the objectives is to unite ourselves by strengthening historical optimism, promoting optimism as a transformative weapon of class optimism MLMPG. We are carrying out the most profound upheaval (as some reactionaries say, deep upheavals that have not been seen since the times of Viceroy Toledo, 400 years ago). We need to start from that opt hco (historical optimism) made concrete, embodied, reverberating throughout the world, far from us all weakness; opt hco with our ardent growth, beating, reverberating throughout the world.
PROBLEM OF MASS WORK
It is a difficult and complex problem, easy to understand and difficult to apply.
Marx: “The masses make history” The P[trans: Party] directs them, it cannot do more, the masses must be moved in order to sweep away the old order and not the haggling that constrains them to oppression, to break the vicious circle of exploitation:
Marx: Easy union in the economic struggle, difficult [hierra] in the political struggle.
In more than 90 years of movements, criteria of opportunism, revisionism, of the W (work) of masses have been generated. However, because we develop the GP we must open the way in a resolute way towards the proletariat, towards the working class, because it is our class to expand IM (incorporation of the masses) with peasants, mainly poor peasants, to open the way to the P.B., particularly the intelligentsia. P. Mao “Without intellectuals there is no revolution.” Lenin said: “Mass work is the constant, violence is exercised when appropriate,” but we must see the context, more than 60 years ago, Lenin did not live the OERM (strategic offensive of the world revolution), but he is the initiator of the new times and warned that the old world was going to sink into the most diverse wars, we develop in the period of 50-100 years; thus speaks Chairman Mao. The problem of war is more on the agenda and in the coming years it will be more and more.
Chairman Mao, this powerfully proletarian who is not only an individual contribution, but a M-L condensation, has given us the laws of the GP.
Our modest experience, which is not individual either and which is in the depths of the post-war period, WWII, leads us to the Countryside-City War, the unique Marxist tactic.
Differentiating the superficial crust from the deep masses that emerge from the bottom, blowing to smithereens everything that opposes it.
Our experience poses questions for us. We are advancing in this. It is not going to be resolved overnight. It is going to require enormous efforts. The new is born in the midst of difficulties and is not born complete and perfect. We can go blindly groping. There is no need to lament, analyze the problems. Apply solutions and then see how reality, life denies or affirms them, corrects or eliminates them.
We are considering the need for an investigation of the mass work of P in the PW [trans: People’s War].
We are moving forward in the face of a complex problem, this is decisive, the entire proletariat will never be able to be organized under capitalism, but we have to open ourselves to the proletariat in order to win over the mind, the action of a part of us, if we do not develop peasant work, if we do not open ourselves to the PB, to the intelligentsia, more so now that there is so much demagogy, we will not be able to develop the PW.
In summary: the party work, the 3rd and 4th round, has advanced and has developed and poses a problem for us, how to develop and develop party life in PW, we have the task of RGP, we are in consolidation IPO [trans: Ideological, Political, Organizational]. The idea of mass work in the P must strengthen us in the PW.
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
A great step also in the incorporation into the RIM [trans: Revolutionary Internationalist Movement] because we are rejoining the ICM more directly, the problem is MLthought or MLM. PCI proposes a campaign to support the PCP GP and proposes that the RIM publish PCP documents during the armed struggle. The RIM proposes to study PCP documents during the reconstitution and J.M.G. the PCP proposes to debate and study the PCP document 5 years of PW. We win, that is beneficial.
Problem, that is not true, everything has its process, our PW has great prestige. In the world the revisionists spread that to maintain the revolution we must be linked to “Socialism” (of the USSR) we are demonstrating that this is false (because we have self-sustenance and self-determination) we are demonstrating that there is a need to develop our own thought, the facts show that there is a need to apply MLM and to generate our own thought, a PG [trans: Guiding Thought] that is the application of the universal conception to reality itself. History shows that PG has always been generated although not as a universal development like MLM.
The problems are ideological and political and they translate into leadership problems, we have experienced it in small parts (…,…,…).
– Importance of having a single correct line and PG that we must take care of like the apple of our eye.
– Resonance that our revolution has better understanding in backward countries and in advanced countries other questions are asked. But there are also people there, there are fighters, that opens the way to our ideology that MLM is the axis of all communists on earth.
Feeling the internationalism of countries so far away that it extends from Asia through Europe to the USA.
No revolution develops without proletarian internationalism, which is not a problem of solidarity, being part of a unit, a class, the proletariat, an ideology, Marxism, which is only a process developing in great struggles. On the international level. We have advanced, it is the rumble of the cannons that makes the deaf hear and the blind see.
Recognition to the PCI, the RIM and to those who support the campaign. The most important achievement is the III campaign (1) we do not underestimate the achievement of internal life nor the international contribution, we say that this is completely of armed action.
(1) Third Great Leap Campaign part of the Plan to Conquer Bases, which was being finalized in April 1986